Definition: The breast is composed of lobules and ducts. The lobules store breast milk and the ducts are vessels that transport the milk to the nipple. Breast cancer is an abnormal growth of these tissues, which form tumors that result in cancerous growths. There are two major types of breast cancer: ductal and lobular. There are other types of breast cancer such as inflammatory and Paget’s disease, which are less common but can be more aggressive.
Symptoms: Symptoms of breast cancer can be a palpable lump, breast discharge, breast pain, a dimpling of the skin or swelling of the skin overlying the breast. A majority of times the symptoms are not present until the cancer is far advanced. This is why screening is so important.
Screening: Women at age 20 should perform a monthly self breast exam and have yearly clinical exams by their doctor’s. By age 40 in addition to the monthly self-breast exam and yearly clinical exam, women should start yearly mammograms. In some cases such as a positive family history of breast cancer screening may start earlier, be more frequent and other forms of testing such as MRI’s may be used in addition to mammograms.
Treatment: There are several treatment modalities for breast cancer such as surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, hormones and immunotherapy, your doctor may use a combination of all of these treatments. It depends on the stage of your disease and the aggressiveness of the tumor, which combination your doctor chooses. Trust that your doctor will use the right combination he/she thinks is best for you. There have been great advances in breast cancer research therefore, more treatment options are available then ever before, so the outlook for breast cancer treatment continues to look better and better.
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